詳解CSS アニメーション編

basic

基本は、変化前と変化後のCSSを作成して、その時間制御を行う

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>CSSの練習</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
  <div class="box"></div>
</body>
</html>

body {
  padding: 64px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  transition-property: border-radius ;
  transition-duration: 1s ;
}

.box:hover {
  border-radius: 50%;
}

transform 変形

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  transition-property: transform ;
  transition-duration: 1s ;
}

.box:hover {
  transform: translate(50px, 20px);
  transform: rotate(30deg);
  transform: scale(0.5, 2);
  transform: translateX(100px) rotate(30deg);
  transform: rotate(30deg) translateX(100px);
}

transform-origin 起点

変形の起点の変更

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  transition-property: transform ;
  transition-duration: 1s ;

  transform-origin: top left;
}

.box:hover {
  transform: translate(50px, 20px);
  transform: rotate(30deg);
  transform: scale(0.5, 2);
  /* transform: translateX(100px) rotate(30deg);
  transform: rotate(30deg) translateX(100px); */
}

transition-property

移動と色の変化に適用

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  transition-property: transform ,background;
  transition-duration: 1s ;

}

.box:hover {
  transform: translateX(30px);
  background: skyblue;
}

transition の時間制御

duration は動作時間、delayは、開始時間の制御

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  transition-property: transform;
  transition-duration: .3s ;
  transition-delay: 1s ;

}

.box:hover {
  transform: translateX(30px);
}

transition-timing-function

デベロッパーツールでの確認
3字ペジュエディタで確認

body {
  padding: 64px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  transition-property: transform;
  transition-duration: .3s ;
  /* transition-timing-function: ease-out; */
  transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0, 0.61, 0.88, 0.59);
}

.box:hover {
  transform: translateX(30px);
}

transition関連のプロパティを一括で指定する

順番は、プロパティ指定、duration, ease-out, delay
複数指定は、カンマで続ける

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  transition-property: transform;
  transition-duration: .3s ;
  /* transition-timing-function: ease-out; */
  /* transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0, 0.61, 0.88, 0.59); */

  transition: transform .3s ease-out 1s, background .5s;

}

.box:hover {
  transform: translateX(30px);
  background: skyblue;
}

animationプロパティ

先ほどとの違いは、hoverなどの動作変化後の指定がないこと
ロードされた時点で実行される

keyframes

body {
  padding: 64px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;
  animation-name: move;
  animation-duration: 1s;

}

@keyframes move {
  0% {
    transition: none;
  }
  80% {
    transform: translateX(200px) rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: translateX(300px) rotate(360deg);
  }
  
}

animationの制御

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;

  animation-name: move;
  animation-duration: 2s;

  /* animation-delay: 1s; */
  /* animation-fill-mode: forwards; */
  animation-iteration-count: 2;
  animation-iteration-count: infinite;

}

再生順の制御

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;
  
  animation-name: move;
  animation-duration: 2s;
  animation-iteration-count: infinite;
  /* animation-direction: alternate; */
  /* animation-direction: reverse; */
  /* animation-direction: alternate-reverse; */
  /* animation-timing-function: linear; */
}

@keyframes move {
  0% {
    transition: none;
    animation-timing-function: linear;
  }
  80% {
    transform: translateX(200px) rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: translateX(300px) rotate(360deg);
  }
  
}

animation関連のプロパティを一括で指定

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: orange;
  
  /* animation-name: move;
  animation-duration: 2s;
  animation-iteration-count: infinite;
  animation-delay: 1s; */

  animation: move 2s infinite 1s;
}

ふわっとかわるボタン

opacityがよく使われる表現

<body>
  <span class="btn">OK</span>
</body>

body {
  padding: 64px;
}

.btn {
  padding: 16px 32px;
  background: hsl(200, 100%, 40%);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  cursor: pointer;

  transition: background .3s;
}

.btn:hover {
  background: hsl(200, 100%, 45%);
}

回転するアイコンローディングアイコン

cssだけで書ける

<body>
  <div class="loading"></div>
</body>

body {
  padding: 64px;
}
.loading {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border: 8px solid #ccc;
  border-right-color: transparent;
  border-radius: 50%;

  animation: spin .8s infinite linear;
}

@keyframes spin {
  from {
    transform: none;
  }
  to {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}

キーフレームを使ってポップアップのアニメーション

<body>
  <div class="message">Hello!</div>
</body>

body {
  padding: 64px;
}
.message {
  width: 300px;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  background: #2c2c2c;
  color: #ddd;
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);
  position: fixed;
  right: 32px;
  bottom: 32px;
}

メッセージアニメーション

下からふわっと出てきて消える

.message {
  width: 300px;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  background: #2c2c2c;
  color: #ddd;
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);
  position: fixed;
  right: 32px;
  bottom: 32px;

  animation: popup 2s forwards;
}

@keyframes popup {
  0% {
    transform: translateY(20px);
    opacity: 0;
    animation-timing-function: ease-in-out;
  }
  20%, 80% {
    transform: none;
    opacity: 1;
  }
  100% {
    transform: translateY(20px);
    opacity: 0;
  }
}

pointer-eventsの設定

画面からは消えているが、実際はみえないだけでのこっているので、ボタンなどが効かなくなる

<body>
  <button>Click me!</button>
  <div class="message">Hello!</div>
  
  <script> </script>
</body>

body {
  padding: 64px;
}

.message {
  width: 300px;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  background: #2c2c2c;
  color: #ddd;
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);
  position: fixed;
  right: 32px;
  bottom: 32px;

  animation: popup 2s forwards;
}

@keyframes popup {
  0% {
    transform: translateY(20px);
    opacity: 0;
    animation-timing-function: ease-out;
  }
  20%, 80% {
    transform: none;
    opacity: 1;
  }
  100% {
    transform: translateY(20px);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
  }
}

button {
  width: 300px;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  position: fixed;
  right: 32px;
  bottom: 32px;
}